Understanding How Does Ketamine Infusion Therapy Work

Understanding How Does Ketamine Infusion Therapy Work

The Albany Clinic • July 15, 2024

Ketamine infusion therapy involves the use of ketamine infusions for treating mental health conditions and chronic pain syndromes. Despite its growing popularity, the process of ketamine infusion therapy can be unclear to some individuals. This article aims to provide a clear understanding of the treatment process, including the medical uses, how it works, conditions treated, and benefits of ketamine infusion therapy.

What Is Ketamine Infusion Therapy?

The History Of Ketamine

Ketamine is a type of anesthetic, with its origins dating back to the 1960s. The first clinical use of ketamine was in the Vietnam War to treat troops with battle wounds. Since then, ketamine has been used in medical settings for anesthesia during surgeries.

Medical Uses Of Ketamine

Ketamine infusion therapy was first used in the 1990s to treat individuals with chronic pain, particularly those who did not respond well to traditional treatments. Additionally, ketamine has been used in psychiatry as a promising treatment option, known as ketamine therapy, for depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other mental health conditions.

The Emergence Of Ketamine Infusion Therapy

In recent years, ketamine infusion therapy has grown in popularity as a medical treatment option for several conditions. There have been many reported cases of successful ketamine infusion therapy treatment for difficult-to-treat conditions like treatment-resistant depression.


Although ketamine infusion therapy is still a relatively new treatment option, it has shown promising results for individuals who found success with traditional treatments. Research studies have shown that ketamine infusion therapy can help improve mood and decrease symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD.


During a ketamine infusion therapy treatment session, patients are carefully monitored by medical professionals to ensure their safety. The treatment typically lasts for about an hour, and patients may require multiple sessions to achieve optimal results.


One of the benefits of ketamine infusion therapy is that it can provide fast relief for individuals who are struggling with severe mental health symptoms. Unlike traditional antidepressants, which can take weeks or even months to take effect, ketamine infusion therapy can provide relief within hours or days.


It is important to note that ketamine infusion therapy is not a cure for mental health conditions, but rather a treatment option that can help manage symptoms. Patients who undergo ketamine infusion therapy may also need to continue with other forms of treatment, such as therapy or medication, to maintain their mental health.

How Does Ketamine Infusion Therapy Work?

The Role Of Ketamine In The Brain

Ketamine is a medication that has been used for many years as an anesthetic in surgery. However, in recent years, it has gained attention for its potential use in treating depression and chronic pain.


Ketamine is thought to reduce certain types of brain activation that can contribute to depression or pain sensation. The drug blocks the activity of a chemical transporter, which can increase the levels of certain neurotransmitters associated with mood, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. Additionally, ketamine's antidepressant effects are related to its interaction with opioid receptors, which play a role in mood regulation.


Research has shown that ketamine may also help to promote the growth of new brain cells, which can improve brain function and potentially reverse the effects of certain neurological conditions.

The Infusion Process

Ketamine infusion therapy is typically performed as an outpatient procedure, with each treatment session involving a precise dosage of ketamine delivered through an intravenous infusion line. The patient is placed in a comfortable room and connected to the infusion line. The infusion takes approximately 40 minutes to complete, and patients are monitored throughout the duration of the session. Upon completion, patients are evaluated for any immediate side effects before being released.



The infusion process is typically repeated several times over a period of weeks or months, depending on the patient’s response to treatment. During this time, patients may also receive other forms of therapy, such as talk therapy or medication management, to help manage their symptoms.

Duration & Dosage Of Treatment

Each ketamine infusion therapy session is administered at a different dosage of ketamine, depending on the patient’s specific condition and response. Typically, patients receive multiple sessions over a specific period. The number and frequency of sessions depend on the patient and the underlying condition. Patients often experience relief from symptoms within hours or days after the infusion.



Ketamine infusion therapy is not a cure for depression or chronic pain. However, it can be a valuable tool in managing symptoms and improving overall quality of life. Patients who undergo ketamine infusion therapy should continue to work closely with their healthcare providers to monitor their symptoms and adjust their treatment plan as needed.

Conditions Treated With Ketamine Infusion Therapy

Treatment-Resistant Depression

Depression, including major depressive disorder, is a common mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Unfortunately, not all patients respond to traditional antidepressant medication.


Treatment-resistant depression is a type of depression that does not improve with traditional antidepressant medication. Ketamine infusion therapy has been shown to be effective in treating several types of depression, including treatment-resistant depression. Often, patients who have tried other depression therapies without success find relief with ketamine infusion therapy.


Ketamine works by targeting the glutamate system in the brain, which is responsible for regulating mood and emotions. It helps to increase the production of a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is essential for the growth and survival of neurons. This, in turn, helps to improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression.

Chronic Pain Syndromes

Chronic pain syndromes can significantly affect a person’s quality of life. Ketamine infusion therapy is also used to treat neuropathic pain, a type of chronic pain that can be debilitating and difficult to manage with traditional pain medications. Conditions such as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and fibromyalgia can cause chronic pain that is difficult to manage with traditional pain medications.


Ketamine infusion therapy is also used to treat chronic pain syndromes. Research has shown that ketamine infusion therapy can help relieve chronic pain symptoms and improve overall functioning for several months to years after treatment.


Ketamine works by blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain, which are responsible for transmitting pain signals. It also helps to reduce inflammation and improve blood flow to the affected area, which can help to alleviate pain symptoms.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after a person experiences or witnesses a traumatic event. It can cause symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and flashbacks, which can significantly affect a person’s quality of life.


Ketamine infusion therapy has been shown to be effective in treating the symptoms of PTSD. Patients often report an improvement in symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and flashbacks after receiving the treatment.


Ketamine works by helping to reduce the activity in the amygdala, which is the part of the brain responsible for processing fear and anxiety. It also helps to increase the production of BDNF, which can help to improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental health conditions that can cause excessive worry, fear, and apprehension. They can significantly affect a person’s quality of life and make it difficult to carry out daily activities.


Ketamine infusion therapy has also been shown to be effective in treating several anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and social anxiety disorder. Patients often experience a reduction in symptoms shortly after receiving the infusion.



Ketamine works by helping to reduce the activity in the amygdala, which is the part of the brain responsible for processing fear and anxiety. It also helps to increase the production of BDNF, which can help to improve mood and reduce symptoms of anxiety.

The Benefits Of Ketamine Infusion Therapy

Rapid Symptom Relief

Ketamine infusion therapy is known for its rapid-relief effects. Patients often experience symptom improvement within hours to a few days of receiving the infusion.

Low Risk Of Addiction

Ketamine has been shown to have a low risk of addiction or dependence when used as prescribed in the controlled setting of ketamine infusion therapy. Ketamine infusion therapy is considered safe for individuals without a history of substance abuse or schizophrenia. This makes ketamine infusion therapy a safer alternative to traditional medications that can have a higher risk of abuse or dependency.

Minimal Side Effects

Overall, ketamine infusion therapy is generally safe. The most common side effects are mild and may include nausea, dizziness, or increased blood pressure. These typically resolve shortly after the infusion.

Conclusion

In conclusion, ketamine infusion therapy is a promising treatment option for individuals with specific mental health conditions and chronic pain syndromes. While there are still gaps in the knowledge around the precise mechanism of action, existing evidence suggests that ketamine infusion therapy is a relatively safe and effective therapy option. As always, it is recommended that individuals consult with their physician to determine if ketamine infusion therapy is right for them.


Ketamine infusion therapy has shown promising results in relieving symptoms and improving the overall quality of life for individuals who have not responded well to traditional treatments. With its rapid relief effects, low risk of addiction, and minimal side effects, ketamine infusion therapy offers a safe and innovative approach to mental health and pain management.


Take the first step towards a better quality of life by scheduling a consultation with The Albany Clinic. Our compassionate healthcare providers will evaluate your specific condition, answer any questions you may have, and create a customized treatment plan tailored to your needs. Don’t let your condition hold you back any longer—regain control of your life with ketamine infusion therapy at The Albany Clinic.

 

If you are interested in learning more about ketamine infusion therapy contact at The Albany Clinic and request your consultation today.

 

Cited Sources:

Li, Linda, and Phillip E Vlisides. “Ketamine: 50 Years of Modulating the Mind.” Frontiers in human neuroscience vol. 10 612. 29 Nov. 2016, doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00612


Mandal, Suprio et al. “Efficacy of ketamine therapy in the treatment of depression.” Indian journal of psychiatry vol. 61,5 (2019): 480-485. doi:10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_484_18


Niesters, Marieke et al. “Ketamine for chronic pain: risks and benefits.” British journal of clinical pharmacology vol. 77,2 (2014): 357-67. doi:10.1111/bcp.12094

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Ketamine for PTSD: Science, Benefits, and What to Expect

By Kimberly Mercille • September 4, 2025
Living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be debilitating. Nightmares, flashbacks, and a constant sense of being “on edge” can interfere with work, relationships, and overall quality of life. If you’ve tried therapy or medications without lasting relief, you’re not alone—and there may be another option. At the Albany Clinic in Carbondale, Illinois, we specialize in ketamine therapy as a promising treatment for PTSD. Understanding PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops after experiencing or witnessing trauma. While everyone responds to trauma differently, common symptoms include: Intrusive memories or flashbacks Avoidance of reminders of the trauma Emotional numbness or detachment Heightened anxiety , irritability , or trouble sleeping Some people also develop complex PTSD (CPTSD) , which stems from repeated or prolonged trauma. CPTSD often comes with additional challenges, such as difficulty regulating emotions or maintaining healthy relationships. Current Treatments and Their Limitations The most common treatments for PTSD include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) , eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) , and antidepressant medications . For many people, these treatments can be helpful. However, they also come with challenges: Medications may take weeks to work and don’t help everyone. Therapy can take months or years to create lasting change. Therapies can be difficult to engage with, as they involve discussing the trauma, which can be distressing or may cause someone to shut down emotionally. Some individuals continue to experience severe symptoms despite treatment. This is where ketamine therapy offers a new avenue of hope. How Ketamine May Help PTSD Ketamine works differently from traditional antidepressants. Instead of gradually altering brain chemistry, ketamine acts quickly on key brain circuits involved in mood and fear. Rebalancing brain activity : Ketamine boosts activity in the prefrontal cortex , the part of the brain that helps regulate emotions. It also decreases activity in the amygdala , the brain’s fear center, helping reduce anxiety and hypervigilance. Promoting neuroplasticity : Ketamine encourages new connections between brain areas, helping “rewire” pathways associated with PTSD symptoms. Supporting fear extinction : Ketamine supports fear extinction, the process by which the brain ‘unlearns’ fearful responses to things it expects to be threatening. This is especially important in PTSD, where people may react to safe situations or cues as if they were actual threats. Benefits of Ketamine for PTSD Research continues to grow, but studies and clinical experience have shown several promising benefits: Rapid relief : Many patients notice improvements within hours to days, rather than weeks. This can be especially important during a mental health crisis or for those struggling with suicidal thoughts. Effective when other treatments have failed : Ketamine can offer relief even for people who haven’t responded to medications or therapy. Sustained improvement : With a series of treatments, many patients experience lasting relief from PTSD symptoms. Increases the benefits of other therapies : Ketamine may speed up the outcomes of other trauma-based therapies, such as prolonged exposure therapy . In a 2021 study , people with severe PTSD received either ketamine or a comparison drug over two weeks. Those given ketamine showed much faster and greater improvement in PTSD and depression symptoms. About 67% had significantly improved symptoms , with the biggest differences in intrusive memories, avoidance, and negative thoughts and mood. The treatment was also well-tolerated with few adverse effects. Ketamine Treatment for PTSD at the Albany Clinic At the Albany Clinic in Carbondale, Illinois, we are dedicated to providing safe, effective ketamine therapy for people with PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. We administer ketamine intravenously to support a rapid reduction in symptoms. Here’s what you can expect: A thorough medical and psychiatric evaluation before treatment begins Comfortable, private treatment rooms Careful monitoring by experienced medical professionals throughout each session A personalized treatment plan designed around your needs During your treatment, you’ll have a small plastic catheter inserted into a vein in your arm, which will deliver ketamine straight into your bloodstream. You may experience mild side effects, such as dizziness and dissociation , which can make you feel disconnected from your body and the world around you. These typically wear off after the session is finished. The infusion takes 45 minutes to one hour , and you’ll be closely monitored by staff during the infusion and afterwards to ensure your safety. We’ll provide you with guidance on aftercare once you’re done and how to make the most of your new headspace. Most people with PTSD require multiple infusions to experience sustained, meaningful changes. However, the treatment plan will be tailored according to your unique needs. Get in Touch Today If you or a loved one is struggling with PTSD and current treatments haven’t provided the relief you need, ketamine therapy may be an option worth exploring. At the Albany Clinic, we are here to answer your questions and guide you through every step of the process. Get in touch to find out more.

Innovative Depression Treatments That Saved My Life

By Matt Rodriguez • September 2, 2025
Depression is one of the most common mental health conditions, affecting millions of people across all walks of life. While many find relief through traditional methods, they don’t work for everyone. Some people can struggle with depression for nearly a lifetime, and in severe cases, may even consider taking their own lives. At The Albany Clinic, we specialize in innovative, evidence-based treatments that can help patients overcome depression, even when other therapies haven’t worked. In this article, we’ll discuss these treatments and how clinics such as our own are saving lives.

In-Clinic vs. At-Home Ketamine Therapy: What’s Best for Your Mental Health?

By Kimberly Mercille • July 9, 2025
As ketamine therapy becomes increasingly popular for treating mental health conditions like depression and PTSD, more people are exploring their options. At-home ketamine therapy gained traction during the pandemic for its convenience, but without medical supervision, this approach may come with elevated risks. In this article, we’ll explore some of the key differences and pros and cons of in-clinic versus at-home ketamine therapy. What Is In-Clinic Ketamine Therapy? IV Ketamine Treatment In-clinic ketamine therapy involves receiving treatment at a licensed medical facility, such as The Albany Clinic , where professionals monitor and administer the medication under strict protocols. This ensures your safety, especially during your initial sessions. At The Albany Clinic, we specialize in intravenous (IV) ketamine infusion therapy , which has been most well-researched when it comes to treating mental health disorders. IV ketamine bypasses the digestive system, delivering the medication directly into the bloodstream. IV ketamine can help relieve symptoms of various mental health disorders, including depression , anxiety , post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) , and more. During an infusion at our clinic, you’ll rest in a calm, controlled environment while ketamine is delivered into a vein through a catheter. Our trained staff will closely monitor your vital signs and mental state throughout the session, adjusting the dose of ketamine if needed. We’ll observe you after treatment to ensure any side effects are managed promptly and effectively. Spravato We also offer Spravato (esketamine) at our clinic, a nasal spray based on ketamine. Unlike other forms of ketamine treatment, Spravato is approved by the FDA and is specifically for adults with treatment-resistant depression or major depressive disorder with suicidal thoughts . Spravato is only approved for in-clinic use under professional supervision and cannot be administered at home, making clinical oversight a legal and medical necessity for this treatment option. During a Spravato session, you’ll self-administer the medication under the supervision of our medical staff. We’ll then closely monitor you for a couple of hours to ensure you’re safe and all side effects have subsided before leaving. What Is At-Home Ketamine Therapy? At-home ketamine therapy allows patients to self-administer the ketamine, typically in the form of lozenges or nasal sprays, delivered via mail. While this option offers flexibility, it usually involves minimal supervision , often limited to virtual check-ins with healthcare providers. Some at-home providers offer optional video support during sessions, but this is not always the case. Patients are largely responsible for monitoring their own physical and emotional reactions, without the benefit of immediate medical intervention if adverse effects occur. At-home treatment often includes supplementary materials , such as guided meditations or journaling tools. However, the lack of real-time clinical oversight makes this option less ideal for those with complex or severe mental health needs. Safety Considerations: In-Clinic vs. At-Home While ketamine therapy is considered safe for most patients, it does come with potential physical and psychological side effects , including: Physical Risks: Elevated blood pressure or heart rate Nausea or vomiting Sedation or dizziness Impaired coordination Rare allergic reactions Psychological Risks: Hallucinations or dissociation Temporary confusion or anxiety Emotional vulnerability during treatment Risk of misuse or dependency The FDA has issued warnings about at-home ketamine use due to its potential for abuse and lack of medical supervision . Without proper monitoring, the risk of addiction and long-term complications, such as bladder damage and cognitive decline, may increase. Key Differences Between In-Clinic and At-Home Ketamine Therapy